MEASLES: MEANING, DEFINITION, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT, PREVENTION, VACCINATION

MEASLES

MEASLES OUTBREAKS

MEASLES MEANING

         Measles is acute contagious viral disease characterized by eruption of red spot on the human skin and fever (40 °C (104 °F) with 3 C (coughs, coryza, and conjunctivitis) symptoms that is called measles.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported according to from January 1 to January 27, 2018, nearly 9 people only from 4 states (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, and Texas) have affected measles. It is great outback of measles disease.

In year 2017, nearly 118 people from 15 states and the District of Columbia have measles due to some increased affected status of measles due to unvacination of measles vaccine and more travelling people exposing .after word health organization concerted for vaccination program for measles over these area .Now outbreaks of measles affected ration reduced.

 In 2016, 86 people from 19 states were reported to have measles.

In year of 2015, 188 people from 24 states and the District of Columbia were reported to have measles.

In year of 2014, the United States experienced a record number of measles cases, with 667 cases from 27 states reported to CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD).

In 2010 year 63 people affected.

Measles: Meaning, Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment, Prevention, Vaccination, Measles Disease

MEASLES otherwise called as rubeola.

MEASLES caused by measles virus. Virus spread rapid. it mostly affected children's and adult also. This measles virus characters by non segmented RNA virus of genus Morbillivirus in the paramyxoviridae family. It is 120-250 nm diameters. This virus was human natural hosts. There is no animal reservoir. This virus affected by respiratory system. this virus enter body reach lungs . In lungs the virus glycoprotenins in surface hemagglutinin(H) and lungs membrane protein (F) will fusion will occurs.affter this bind two protein will start produce affect in lungs then spread to lymph node then brain then intestine then other organ also Will produce signs and symptoms of measles.
INCUBATION PERIOD
Symptoms developed 10 to 14 days. it is one of the airborne disease. primary viremia 2-3 days of after exposure of virus and second viremia 5-7 days after exposure of virus then affect with spread to human body tissues. Within 4 days the symptoms when will start to affect and after 4 days the rash will be start to appears skin.

CLINICAL FEATURES

    Clinical Features are  

• v  A reddish brown Rash
• v  Body ache
• v  3 C (coughs, coryza, conjunctivitis )
• v  Dry cough
• v  4 days fever high as (40 °C (104 °F))
• v  Koplik spots (rash on mucous membranes)
• v  Sneezing
• v  Photo phobia
• v  Watery Eyes
• v  Sore throat
• v  Lymph node enlargement
• v  Diarrhea
• v  Itching,
• v  Anorexia.

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

• v  History collection
• v  Physical examination
• v  Blood test
• v  Viral culture test
• v  Urine test
• v  Nasopharynx test
• v  Throat swab  
• v  Immunological test
• v  Serological test 

MANAGEMENT

• v  Prevention is better than cure
• v  Treatments are home Care
• v  Cough medications
• v  Fever management
• v  Antiviral medication
• v  Administered immunological agent
• v  Management advice to take rest
• v  Drink more fluids
• v  Stay away from others who are all infected persons
• v  Vitamin A supplements the advice in children's
• v  According to the symptomatic treatment
• v  Free from measles affected person
• v  Promoting immunity power.
• v  Avoid more Travels.
• v  sunglasses for safety of eyes.

COMPLICATION

• v Eye infection
• v  Ear infection
• v  lungs infection
• v  Brain infections
• v  Blood  problems related disorders
• v  Brain death

 PREVENTION

Prevention mainly focused Isolations and vaccination measles vaccine MMR VACCINE AND MMRV VACCINE AND MMR VACCINE CONTROVERSY.
MMR vaccine first dose 12 to 15 month and second dose 4-6 years should administered.

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